Formation Of Vinyl Ethers

A stereospecific and stereoselective copper promoted coupling of vinyl pinacol boronate esters and alcohols allows the synthesis of enol ethers in very good yields is compatible with various functional groups and occurs at room temperature.

Formation of vinyl ethers.

Palladium ii complexes catalyze the formation of enamides via the formal cross coupling reaction between nitrogen nucleophiles and vinyl ethers. 3 1 halide and pseudohalide leaving groups. Methyl t butyl ether mtbe is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen oxide pollutants. Sakurai 177 has found that dicobalt octacarbonyl is an excellent catalyst for the reaction equation 67 and that the side reactions occurring through the use of the catalysts mentioned above e g.

Glycol ethers decalin and 2 propanol are shown in group b of the previous section. It is also important that r is a good radical leaving group. Silyl ethers are a group of chemical compounds which contain a silicon atom covalently bonded to an alkoxy group. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather.

Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. These compounds produce organic peroxides that are significantly less volatile than the solvent in which they are. 4 olefination of carbonyl substrates. In organic chemistry an enol ether is an alkene with an alkoxy substituent.

2 1 vinyl ether substrates. 2 3 acetylenic ether substrates. Silyl ether formation may be avoided. Silyl ethers are usually used as protecting groups for alcohols in organic synthesis since r 1 r 2 r 3 can be combinations of differing groups which can be varied in order to provide a.

2 2 allyl ether substrates. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. These vinyl transfer reactions proceed in good yields with amide carbamate and sulfonamide nucleophiles and the optimal catalyst is dpp pd ococf3 2 dpp 4 7 diphenyl 1 10 phenanthroline. Silyl enol ethers have been prepared by reaction of carbonyl compounds with hydrosilanes in the presence of palladium salts rhodium complexes and nickel salts.

3 2 alkoxide and silyloxide leaving groups. Vinyl ethers 1 x ch 2 a o can be very effective addition fragmentation chain transfer agents. The general structure is r 1 r 2 r 3 si o r 4 where r 4 is an alkyl group or an aryl group. 8 21 227 228 the mechanism for chain transfer is shown in scheme 9 for the case of α benzyloxystyrene 15 the driving force for fragmentation is provided by formation of a strong carbonyl double bond.

Molecular structure is the primary factor relating to a material s potential for hazardous peroxide formation.